1/3/2023 0 Comments Design production well pipesim![]() ![]() While both onshore and offshore wells are completed by production trees, offshore wells can be completed by two different types of trees: dry and wet trees. Production Tree Source: Cameron | Schlumberger In addition to running a casing with a liner, gravel packing is used to prevent sand from entering the wellstream. Some wells require filtration systems in order to keep the wellstream clear of sand. To overcome this challenge, a gamma ray-collar correlation log is typically implemented to correlate with the initial log run on the well and define the locations where perforation is required. While the perforation locations have been previously defined by drilling logs, those intervals cannot be easily located through the casing and cement. The perforations can either be accomplished via firing bullets into the sides of the casing or by discharging jets, or shaped charges, into the casing. Once the reservoir level has been reached, the gun then shoots holes in the sides of the well to allow the hydrocarbons to enter the wellstream. This process involves running a perforation gun and a reservoir locating device into the wellbore, many times via a wireline, slickline or coiled tubing. Referred to as a casing program, the different levels include production casing, intermediate casing, surface casing and conductor casing. ![]() ![]() The different levels of the well define what diameter of casing will be installed. Casing ensures that this will not happen while also protecting the wellstream from outside incumbents, like water or sand.Ĭonsisting of steel pipe that is joined together to make a continuous hollow tube, casing is run into the well. After a well has been drilled, should the drilling fluids be removed, the well would eventually close in upon itself. ![]() The first step in completing a well is to case the hole. These steps include casing, cementing, perforating, gravel packing and installing a production tree. Well completion incorporates the steps taken to transform a drilled well into a producing one. Once a well has been drilled, the decision must be made: Will this well become a producer or be plugged and abandoned as a dry hole? Should the operator decide to move forward with developing the well, completion operations must be undertaken. ![]()
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